PASS GUARANTEED 2025 ECCOUNCIL 312-50V13 PDF GUIDE

Pass Guaranteed 2025 ECCouncil 312-50v13 PDF Guide

Pass Guaranteed 2025 ECCouncil 312-50v13 PDF Guide

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEHv13) Sample Questions (Q402-Q407):

NEW QUESTION # 402
Kevin, an encryption specialist, implemented a technique that enhances the security of keys used for encryption and authentication. Using this technique, Kevin input an initial key to an algorithm that generated an enhanced key that is resistant to brute-force attacks. What is the technique employed by Kevin to improve the security of encryption keys?

  • A. A Public key infrastructure
  • B. Key stretching
  • C. Key derivation function
  • D. Key reinstallation

Answer: B


NEW QUESTION # 403
Calvin, a software developer, uses a feature that helps him auto-generate the content of a web page without manual involvement and is integrated with SSI directives. This leads to a vulnerability in the developed web application as this feature accepts remote user inputs and uses them on the page. Hackers can exploit this feature and pass malicious SSI directives as input values to perform malicious activities such as modifying and erasing server files. What is the type of injection attack Calvin's web application is susceptible to?

  • A. Server-side JS injection
  • B. CRLF injection
  • C. Server-side includes injection
  • D. Server-side template injection

Answer: C


NEW QUESTION # 404
An ethical hacker is testing a web application of a financial firm. During the test, a 'Contact Us' form's input field is found to lack proper user input validation, indicating a potential Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. However, the application has a stringent Content Security Policy (CSP) disallowing inline scripts and scripts from external domains but permitting scripts from its own domain. What would be the hacker's next step to confirm the XSS vulnerability?

  • A. Inject a benign script inline to the form to see if it executes
  • B. Load a script from an external domain to test the vulnerability
  • C. Utilize a script hosted on the application's domain to test the form
  • D. Try to disable the CSP to bypass script restrictions

Answer: C

Explanation:
The hacker's next step to confirm the XSS vulnerability would be to utilize a script hosted on the application' s domain to test the form. This is because the application's CSP allows scripts from its own domain, but not from inline or external sources. Therefore, the hacker can try to inject a payload that references a script file on the same domain as the application, such as:
<script src="/path/to/script.js"></script>
where script.js contains some benign code, such as alert('XSS') or print('XSS'). If the script executes in the browser, then the hacker has confirmed the XSS vulnerability. Otherwise, the CSP has blocked the script and prevented the XSS attack.
The other options are not feasible or effective for the following reasons:
* A. Try to disable the CSP to bypass script restrictions: This option is not feasible because the hacker cannot disable the CSP on the server side, and the browser enforces the CSP on the client side. The hacker would need to modify the browser settings or use a browser extension to disable the CSP, but this would not affect the victim's browser or the application's security.
* B. Inject a benign script inline to the form to see if it executes: This option is not effective because the application's CSP disallows inline scripts, meaning scripts that are embedded in the HTML code.
Therefore, the hacker would not be able to inject a script tag or an event handler attribute that contains some code, such as:
<script>alert('XSS')</script> or <input type="text" onfocus="alert('XSS')"> The CSP would block these scripts and prevent the XSS attack.
* D. Load a script from an external domain to test the vulnerability: This option is not effective because the application's CSP disallows scripts from external domains, meaning scripts that are loaded from a different domain than the application. Therefore, the hacker would not be able to inject a script tag that references a script file on another domain, such as:
<script src="https://example.com/script.js"></script>
The CSP would block these scripts and prevent the XSS attack.
References:
* 1: Content Security Policy (CSP) - HTTP | MDN
* 2: What is Content Security Policy (CSP) | Header Examples | Imperva
* 3: Content-Security-Policy (CSP) Header Quick Reference
* 4: What is cross-site scripting (XSS)? - PortSwigger
* 5: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) | OWASP Foundation
* 6: The Impact of Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerabilities and their Prevention
* 7: XSS Vulnerability 101: Identify and Stop Cross-Site Scripting


NEW QUESTION # 405
When you are getting information about a web server, it is very important to know the HTTP Methods (GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, TRACE) that are available because there are two critical methods (PUT and DELETE). PUT can upload a file to the server and DELETE can delete a file from the server. You can detect all these methods (GET, POST, HEAD, DELETE, PUT, TRACE) using NMAP script engine. What Nmap script will help you with this task?

  • A. http-headers
  • B. http-methods
  • C. http enum
  • D. http-git

Answer: B


NEW QUESTION # 406
Samuel a security administrator, is assessing the configuration of a web server. He noticed that the server permits SSlv2 connections, and the same private key certificate is used on a different server that allows SSLv2 connections. This vulnerability makes the web server vulnerable to attacks as the SSLv2 server can leak key information.
Which of the following attacks can be performed by exploiting the above vulnerability?

  • A. Side-channel attack
  • B. DUHK attack
  • C. DROWN attack
  • D. Padding oracle attack

Answer: C

Explanation:
DROWN is a serious vulnerability that affects HTTPS and other services that deem SSL and TLS, some of the essential cryptographic protocols for net security. These protocols allow everyone on the net to browse the net, use email, look on-line, and send instant messages while not third-parties being able to browse the communication.
DROWN allows attackers to break the encryption and read or steal sensitive communications, as well as passwords, credit card numbers, trade secrets, or financial data. At the time of public disclosure on March
2016, our measurements indicated thirty third of all HTTPS servers were vulnerable to the attack. fortuitously, the vulnerability is much less prevalent currently. As of 2019, SSL Labs estimates that one.2% of HTTPS servers are vulnerable.
What will the attackers gain?Any communication between users and the server. This typically includes, however isn't limited to, usernames and passwords, credit card numbers, emails, instant messages, and sensitive documents. under some common scenarios, an attacker can also impersonate a secure web site and intercept or change the content the user sees.
Who is vulnerable?Websites, mail servers, and other TLS-dependent services are in danger for the DROWN attack. At the time of public disclosure, many popular sites were affected. we used Internet-wide scanning to live how many sites are vulnerable:

SSLv2
Operators of vulnerable servers got to take action. there's nothing practical that browsers or end-users will do on their own to protect against this attack.
Is my site vulnerable?Modern servers and shoppers use the TLS encryption protocol. However, because of misconfigurations, several servers also still support SSLv2, a 1990s-era precursor to TLS. This support did not matter in practice, since no up-to-date clients really use SSLv2. Therefore, despite the fact that SSLv2 is thought to be badly insecure, until now, simply supporting SSLv2 wasn't thought of a security problem, is a clients never used it.
DROWN shows that merely supporting SSLv2 may be a threat to fashionable servers and clients. It modern associate degree attacker to modern fashionable TLS connections between up-to-date clients and servers by sending probes to a server that supports SSLv2 and uses the same private key.

SSLv2
* It allows SSLv2 connections. This is surprisingly common, due to misconfiguration and inappropriate default settings.
* Its private key is used on any other serverthat allows SSLv2 connections, even for another protocol.
Many companies reuse the same certificate and key on their web and email servers, for instance. In this case, if the email server supports SSLv2 and the web server does not, an attacker can take advantage of the email server to break TLS connections to the web server.
A server is vulnerable to DROWN if:SSLv2
How do I protect my server?To protect against DROWN, server operators need to ensure that their private keys software used anyplace with server computer code that enables SSLv2 connections. This includes net servers, SMTP servers, IMAP and POP servers, and the other software that supports SSL/TLS.
Disabling SSLv2 is difficult and depends on the particular server software. we offer instructions here for many common products:
OpenSSL: OpenSSL may be a science library employed in several server merchandise. For users of OpenSSL, the simplest and recommended solution is to upgrade to a recent OpenSSL version. OpenSSL 1.0.2 users ought to upgrade to 1.0.2g. OpenSSL 1.0.1 users ought to upgrade to one.0.1s. Users of older OpenSSL versions ought to upgrade to either one in every of these versions. (Updated March thirteenth, 16:00 UTC) Microsoft IIS (Windows Server): Support for SSLv2 on the server aspect is enabled by default only on the OS versions that correspond to IIS 7.0 and IIS seven.5, particularly Windows scene, Windows Server 2008, Windows seven and Windows Server 2008R2. This support is disabled within the appropriate SSLv2 subkey for 'Server', as outlined in KB245030. albeit users haven't taken the steps to disable SSLv2, the export-grade and 56-bit ciphers that build DROWN possible don't seem to be supported by default.
Network Security Services (NSS): NSS may be a common science library designed into several server merchandise. NSS versions three.13 (released back in 2012) and higher than ought to have SSLv2 disabled by default. (A little variety of users might have enabled SSLv2 manually and can got to take steps to disable it.) Users of older versions ought to upgrade to a more moderen version. we tend to still advocate checking whether or not your non-public secret is exposed elsewhere Other affected software and in operation systems:
Instructions and data for: Apache, Postfix, Nginx, Debian, Red Hat
Browsers and other consumers: practical nothing practical that net browsers or different client computer code will do to stop DROWN. only server operators ar ready to take action to guard against the attack.


NEW QUESTION # 407
......

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